The Nubian Montenegro mutton sheep fattening Technology

In recent years, our country of Montenegro mutton sheep farming industry developed rapidly, has become one of the important industry led regional economic development. In order to improve the sheep raising economic benefit, accelerate the turnover of slaughter, effective protection and restoration of grassland ecosystem, we carried out experimental demonstration of mutton sheep fattening. After several years of implementation, and achieved significant results, now the technical points related to introduce as follows.

1 羔羊育肥

1 lamb fattening

努比亚黑山羊羔羊具有生长发育快，饲料报酬高的特点，饲养成本低，经济效益高，适合现代高效养殖生产要求。羔羊育肥就是羔羊断奶后在舍饲的条件下，每天满足青绿饲草，补饲以玉米、豆饼、麸皮为主的混合饲料，每只羔羊每天300～800g，经50～60d的育肥，羔羊体重达到35kg以上时出栏。

Nubia black goat has a faster growth rate, feed remuneration and the characteristics of high and low feeding cost, the economic benefit is high, suitable for modern and efficient breeding production requirements. Fattening lamb is lamb after weaning in feeding conditions, every day to meet the green grass, mixed feed supplementation with corn, bean cake, bran based, each lamb everyday 300 ~ 800g, 50 ~ 60d by fattening, slaughter lamb weight reached over 35kg.

1.1 羔羊育肥的准备

1.1 lamb fattening preparation

在育肥开始前对羔羊训练采食饲料，每天空腹时让羊采食或者用人工的方法强行往嘴里塞料，饲料要粉碎，要配合适口性好的玉米、豆饼等，并加入适量的食盐，经一周训练后羔羊渐渐地可以采食饲料，并做好羔羊的驱虫、剪毛、去势、药浴、防疫注射以及合群性培养，为羔羊的单独组群做准备。

In the fattening lamb before the start of training by the feed, a day of fasting to let the sheep ingestion or the use of artificial methods of forced into his mouth to feed, feed crushing, to match the palatability of corn, soybean, and adding an appropriate amount of salt, after a week of training after the lamb could feed feed, and do the lamb anthelmintic, shearing, castration, medicated bath, vaccination and cooperation culture, preparing for the lamb alone group.

1.2 育肥

1.2 fattening

黑山羊羔羊育肥可分为育肥前期、育肥中期和育肥后期三个阶段。如育肥期为60d，即育肥前、中、后期各为20d，育肥前期管理的重点是观察羔羊对育肥管理是否习惯，有无病态羊，羔羊的采食是否正常，根据采食情况调整补饲标准，饲料配方等；育肥中期加大补饲量，增加蛋白质饲料比例，注重饲料中营养的平衡和质量；育肥后期在加大补饲量的同时，增加饲料的能量，适当减少蛋白质的比例，以增加羊的肥度，提高羊肉的品质。补饲量的确定应根据体重的大小，参考饲养标准补饲，并适当提前补饲，以期达到应有的增重效果，并根据羊群的健康状态和增重效果随时改变育肥方案和技术措施。育肥饲料用豆饼、麦麸、玉米粉碎后配合成混合精料，根据育肥时期不同，配制比例有所不同。常用饲料配方比例为：育肥前期豆饼占30%、麦麸占15%、玉米占55%；育肥中期豆饼占25%，麦麸占15%、玉米占60%；育肥后期豆饼占20%、麦麸占15%、玉米占65%。

Black goat fattening lamb can be divided into prophase, metaphase and fattening fattening fattening stage three. Such as fattening period for 60d, namely before fattening, and the later is 20d, the key is to observe the lamb fattening prophase management on fattening management habit, there is no sick sheep, lamb feeding is normal, according to the situation of feeding standard adjustment of feed, feed formulation; fattening medium-term increase the feeding quantity, increase the proportion of protein feed, pay attention to nutrition balance and quality of the feed; in add Dabu feeding quantity of fattening feed at the same time, increase energy, appropriate to reduce the proportion of the protein, in order to increase the degree of fat sheep, improving meat quality. Supplement feed amount shall be determined according to the weight of the reference feeding standard of feeding, and appropriate early supplementary feeding, in order to achieve the purpose of weight gain due effect, and change the fattening scheme and technical measures at any time according to the herd health status and effect on weight gain. Fattening feed for soybean meal, wheat bran, corn crushing with mixed concentrate, fattening period according to the different proportion of different. Common feed formula proportion is fattening early soybean accounted for 30%, accounted for 15% of corn bran, accounted for 55%; fattening medium-term soybean accounted for 25%, wheat bran and corn accounted for 15%, accounted for 60%; fattening soybean accounted for 20%, accounted for 15%, accounted for 65% of corn bran.

育肥期间除了饲喂精饲料外，每天还要喂一定的粗饲料。育肥用粗饲料最好选用苜蓿干草，喂前先粉碎，长短在1～2cm左右。育肥羔羊每天粗料食用值要按比例搭配，日粮含蛋白质14%，钙0.92%，磷0.25%，精粗料比30∶70，育肥中期日粮含蛋白质13%，钙0.78%，磷0.24%，精饲料占36%，粗饲料64%，育肥后期日粮含蛋白质12.2%，钙0.62%，磷0.62%，精粗料比50∶50。

Fattening period in addition to concentrate feeding, but also a day to feed forage certain. Fattening with coarse feed the best selection of alfalfa hay, feed before grinding, the length is about 1 ~ 2cm. Fattening lamb everyday edible value according to the proportion of coarse material collocation, diets containing 14% protein, 0.92% of calcium, phosphorus 0.25%, fine and coarse material ratio of 30: 70, fattening medium-term diets containing 13% protein, 0.78% of calcium, phosphorus 0.24%, feed accounted for 36%, 64% roughage, fattening diets containing 12.2% protein, calcium 0.62%, P 0.62%, fine and coarse material ratio of 50: 50.

1.3 育肥效果

1.3 fattening effect

努比亚黑山羊羔羊肉具有鲜嫩、多汁、精肉多、脂肪少，味道美、易消化及膻味轻等优点，深受广大消费者的欢迎。经过一个育肥期的饲养，育肥羔羊平均日增重可达200g左右，体重可达35～40kg，屠宰后胴体重平均在19.6kg，屠宰率为40%以上，育肥羊出售时，1kg胴体重按18元计算，加上头、蹄、杂、皮等，平均每只羊收入434.8元；除去羔羊其它费用，平均每只羊获利在71.06元。

The Nubian Montenegro lamb mutton is fresh and tender, juicy, meat with less fat, advantages, easy to digest and the smell of Mido Mi light, welcomed by the vast number of consumers. After feeding a fattening period, the average daily gain of lamb fattening up to about 200g, the weight of up to 35 ~ 40kg, slaughtered and carcass weight average in 19.6kg, slaughter rate is above 40%, fattening sheep for sale, the calculation of 1kg carcass weight by 18 yuan, plus the head, hooves, miscellaneous, skin and so on average each sheep income of 434.8 yuan; remove the lamb other expenses, average every sheep make a profit in 71.06 yuan.

在整个育肥期间，要有一个相对固定的饲喂程序，精料每天喂2次，上午10∶00喂1次，下午18∶00喂1次，粗料要少喂勤添，每天至少5～8次。

In the fattening period, should have a relatively fixed feeding program, concentrate fed 2 times a day, the morning of the 10, 00 feed 1 times, 18 in the afternoon: 00 feed 1 times, coarse material to feed less often add, every day at least 5 ~ 8 times.

2 成年羊育肥

2 adult sheep fattening

成年羊是指2岁以上的公羊、母羊和羯羊。这些羊个体产肉性能和肉质相对较差。为了改善成年羊肉的品质，提高其羊肉产量和经济效益，在出栏前应对这部分羊进行短期育肥。

Adult sheep refers to above the age of 2 rams and ewes and wethers. These sheep individual meat performance and quality are relatively poor. In order to improve adult mutton quality, improve the mutton production and economic benefits, in response to this part before slaughter sheep short-term fattening.

2.1 育肥的准备

2.1 fattening preparation

要使育肥羊处于非生产状态，母羊应停止配种、妊娠或哺乳；公羊应停止配种，试情，并进行去势。各类羊在育肥前应梳毛，改善羊的皮肤代谢，促进羊的育肥。在育肥开始前应对羊群驱虫，对患有疥癣的羊进行药浴或局部涂擦药物灭癣。

In order to make sheep fattening in a non production status, ewe should stop mating, pregnancy or lactation; sheep should stop breeding, test conditions, and castration. All kinds of sheep in the store should be carding, improve the skin metabolism of sheep, promote the sheep fattening. Before the start of the sheep anthelmintic in coping with fattening, suffering from scabies sheep medicated bath or local application of drugs against tinea.

2.2 育肥

2.2 fattening

育肥周期一般以60～80d为宜。膘好的成年羊育肥期可以为40d，即育肥前期10d、中期20d、后期10d；膘中等的成年羊育肥期可以为60d，即育肥前、中、后期各为20d；膘差的成年羊育肥期可以为80d，即育肥前期20d、中、后期各为30d。

Fattening cycle generally 60 ~ 80D is appropriate. Fat good adult sheep fattening period can be 40d, namely the fattening prophase 10d, metaphase 20d, late 10d; fat moderate adult sheep fattening period can be 60d, namely before fattening, middle and late each 20d; fat poor adult sheep fattening period can be 80D, namely 20d, fattening early, late each for the 30D.

育肥饲料配制及要求与羔羊育肥基本相同，其饲喂精粗饲料量要求为：育肥前期精料为0.4～0.7kg、粗料为1∶2kg、食盐8g：育肥中期精料为0.6～1kg、粗料为1.0kg、食盐10g；育肥后期精料为1.8～1.5kg、粗料为0.8kg、盐10g。

Fattening feed preparation and requirements are basically the same with the lamb fattening, the feeding amount of concentrate to roughage requirements: fattening prophase concentrate is 0.4 ~ 0.7kg, coarse material is 1 to 2kg, salt 8g: fattening medium-term concentrate is 0.6 ~ 1kg, coarse material for 1.0kg, salt 10g; fattening concentrate is 1.8 ~ 1.5kg 0.8kg, salt, coarse material 10g.

2.3 育肥效果

2.3 fattening effect

经过一个育肥期的饲养，育肥羊平均日增重可达160g左右，屠宰率可达35%以上。

After feeding a fattening period, the average daily gain of fattening sheep is 160g or so, slaughter rate can reach more than 35%.

通过肉羊舍饲育肥技术的实施，不仅促进了本地区肉羊饲养业的快速发展，同时也带动了本地区经济的发展，仅赤峰市每年

Through the implementation of mutton sheep fattening technology, not only to promote the rapid development of the region of sheep husbandry, but also led to the development of the regional economy, Chifeng city only a year